PTEN and neoplasm: Detailed temporal and spatial histological and genomic studies in a single patient with high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) showed that Wnt signalling was upregulated in a progressing tumour nodule, a phenomenon correlated with focal immunosuppression.12 Mutations in the TP53 and BRCA1/BRCA2 genes as well as loss of PTEN expression are driver events in HGSOC development.13 HGSOC cases with BRCA1 mutations have increased CD8 and CD20 intra-epithelial infiltrates,14,15 suggesting that loss of homologous recombination and DNA damage may prime immune responses.