MTOR and cancer: RTKs mainly activate the Pi3K/protein kinase B (AKT)/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), rat sarcoma (RAS)/MAPK, Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription protein family (STAT), and phospholipase C (PLC)/Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase-protein kinase C (CaMK-PKC) pathways, and downstream effectors of multicellular processes during cancer progression [3].