This study aimed to evaluate the presence of immunosuppressing molecules: PD-L1, CD47, CD73, Fas (CD95), and FasL (Fas Ligand) on CSCs and MTCs in LNs aspirates, and to evaluate the presence of PD-1 (programmed death receptor 1), Fas, and LAG3 (Lymphocyte-activation gene 3) on CD4 T cells and CD8 T cells in systemic circulation in NSCLC patients (Figure 1); based on the examination of the endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS/TBNA) technique and the peripheral blood (PB) from the same patient. The gene discussed is NT5E; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.