NFKB1 and neoplasm: Additionally, the TNF-β and/or 5-FU-promoted NF-κB-dependent gene end-products have been shown to associate with tumor cell survival and the development of drug resistance in several tumor cells [62], highlighting the existence of other intracellular pathways, how Calebin A promotes 5-FU-induced apoptosis and, thereby, contributes to the therapeutic effect.