CSF3 and breast carcinoma: In addition, breast cancer cells, especially triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells, are capable of secreting G-CSF, which then acts through autocrine or paracrine to promote breast cancer malignant progression (Park et al., 2011; Swierczak et al., 2014; Benesch et al., 2015; Zhao et al., 2015; Mouchemore et al., 2018).