Gene expression studies consistently show that BIM is upregulated by glucocorticoids in glucocorticoid-sensitive ALL samples.55,56,59–61 Our laboratory has shown that glucocorticoid resistance in ALL was associated with failure to induce BIM upon glucocorticoid treatment.17,18 Therefore, the combination of GCS-3 and dexamethasone induces gene expression changes in glucocorticoid-resistant ALL-19 cells, which are observed upon glucocorticoid treatment in glucocorticoid-sensitive ALL cells. Here, BCL2L11 is linked to acute lymphoblastic leukemia.