Our results suggested the following: 1) overall, the diagnostic performance of serum cystatin C is better than that of blood NGAL and urine NGAL; 2) blood and urine NGAL have similar predictive value, while the diagnostic accuracies of blood NGAL and urine NGAL were opposite within or beyond 6 h after CM exposure; and 3) serum cystatin C after CM exposure performed better in predicting CIN compared with that at baseline. The gene discussed is LCN2; the disease is cervical squamous intraepithelial neoplasia.