Because the Cnot1 gene has single nucleotide polymorphisms that are associated with hepatitis C virus infection and hepatic toxicity (Li et al, 2009;, Dzikiewicz-Krawczyk, 2015), studies using clinical samples may reveal the relationship between dysfunction of the CCR4–NOT complex and the onset of hepatitis. The gene discussed is CNOT1; the disease is hepatitis A virus infection.