In the KEGG enrichment analysis, the AAGs were primarily correlated with pathways related to autophagy-animal, the ErbB signalling pathway, bladder cancer, the HIF-1 signalling pathway, platinum drug resistance, proteins processed in the endoplasmic reticulum, EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance, PD-L1 expression and the PD-1 checkpoint pathway in cancer (Fig. 8a, b). This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and cancer.