CHRNA4 and Cognitive impairment: Recently, we demonstrated the pathophysiology of CBZ-resistant/ZNS-sensitive ADSHE seizures and pathomechanisms of comorbidity of cognitive deficits using a genetic ADSHE model rat, namely the S286L transgenic rat (S286L-TG), bearing the missense S286L mutation in the rat Chrna4 gene which corresponds to the S284L mutation in the human CHRNA4 gene [21,22].