Noteworthy, the LME of some AML cases displays evidence of a prior antileukemic immune response, restrained by immune escape mechanisms such as cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated protein-4 (CTLA-4)/B7.1/B7.2 and programmed death 1 (PD-1)/PD-1L signaling or Treg expansion (9). The gene discussed is CTLA4; the disease is acute myeloid leukemia.