ERVW-1 and infection: However, the evidence that CoPP does not affect viral attachment or internalization into host cells suggest that CoPP directly disrupts the virus as a virucidal agent which may interact with specific structures (glycosylation, phosphorylation, peptide interface, etc.)on the viral particle surface or lipids within the viral envelope, as some studies have suggested that porphyrins abrogate infection by HIV-1 and that this activity appears to be a result of an interaction with the envelope protein.