In addition, seminal papers reported how the suppression of IKK/NF-κB signaling in mouse models of inflammation-driven colorectal (CRC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) resulted in apoptosis of preneoplastic cells and failure of tumor progression, thus establishing a key role for NF-κB as a linchpin between inflammation and cancer26,27. This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and hepatocellular carcinoma.