Even though the exact roles of NOD2 during campylobacteriosis remain unknown, several reports have emphasized the complex modulatory crosstalk between NOD2 and TLR-4 signaling especially in pro-inflammatory cytokine regulation [150,151,152,153,154], given that NOD2 is able to regulate the IL-12 production depending on TLR-4 intensity [155]. The gene discussed is TLR4; the disease is campylobacteriosis.