Three studies (Kim et al., 2010 [22], Kim et al., 2012 [11], Ulvi et al., 2013 [23]) demonstrated differences in BNP levels in patients with acute cerebral infarction compared with those in the control group, while only one study (Li et al., 2010 [24]) compared BNP concentrations between brain hemorrhage and control groups. Here, NPPB is linked to intracranial hemorrhage.