Collectively, the CD14+ subpopulation that accumulates in the inflamed mucosa of IBD patients can be qualified as Inf Mo-like cells, i.e., monocytes that have experienced a limited differentiation in the gut, are able to secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines, and do not display the function or gene signature of Inf Mo-DCs, Inf DCs (DC3) or Inf Mɸ (Figure 4). This evidence concerns the gene CD14 and inflammatory bowel disease.