Unlike β1- and β2-AR, the β3-AR is resistant to agonist-induced desensitization, (Liggett et al., 1993; Nantel et al., 1993) and its expression is increased in heart failure as well as in sepsis and diabetic cardiomyopathy (Amour et al., 2007; Moniotte et al., 2007; Moniotte et al., 2001). This evidence concerns the gene ADRB3 and heart failure.