INS and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Compared to healthy controls, type 2 diabetic patients with overweight or obesity had significantly increased waist circumference, waist/hip ratio, BMI, fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, TG, TC, LDL-C, fasting plasma insulin, HOMA-IR, and HOMA-IS and decreased HDL-C (all P < 0.05).