Based on these observations, our attention was focused on HLA-G14bp ins/del and other polymorphisms of cytokines involved in tolerance, inflammation and/or metabolic regulation (IL-10, Transforming Growth Factor (TGF)-β, IL-6, Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-α, and IL-18); effects of genotypes on post-transplant weight gain and alterations of other risk factors for post-transplant complications were evaluated in kidney transplant recipients. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and medical procedure.