Among all these several different disorders, four of them were chosen to be discussed in this article, taking into account their prevalence and clinical importance, and the authors’ experience: focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and MYH-9 nephropathy (both causes of glomerular diseases), tuberous sclerosis (a ciliopathy), and Fabry nephropathy (a metabolic disease). The gene discussed is MYH9; the disease is focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.