It is well-recognized that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α)–peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) axis governs transcription and regulation of FAO genes in diverse tissues, including the kidney, and its regulation has been suggested as a therapeutic target of AKI and CKD (10, 20, 35–37). This evidence concerns the gene PPARA and chronic kidney disease.