After many years of research and of clinical trials with up to five different novel A2AR antagonists, one of them was approved (NouriastTM) in Japan as adjuvant to levodopa in PD therapy (Jenner et al., 2009; Mizuno and Kondo, 2013; Saki et al., 2013; Kondo and Mizuno, 2015). The gene discussed is ADORA2A; the disease is Parkinson disease.