Interestingly, pioglitazone [6] showed after 4.8 years of follow-up a significant reduction of crucial clinical endpoints (MI, fatal or nonfatal stroke) (24%, p = 0.02) in 3876 insulin-resistant subjects with a transient or recent ischemic attack or stroke but without diabetes (trial: Insulin Resistance Intervention After Stroke (IRIS; CT. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is diabetes mellitus.