TNF and cancer: Since alarmin release and the presence of OAd.TNFa-IL2 can activate several different receptors and downstream signaling molecules, mRNA sequencing was employed to pinpoint which DAMP- and PAMP-signaling cascades in both cancer cells (SK-MEL-28 melanoma cells) and dendritic cells (DCs) are reactive to OAd.TNFa-IL2 virotherapy.