Furthermore, studies that block IL-1β production using genetic deletion of components of the NLRP3 inflammasome that regulates IL-1β maturation or inhibition of the IL-1β signaling machinery have established a role for this cytokine in promoting insulin resistance and metabolic dysfunction in high fat diet fed mice11,29,34, as well as conditions accelerated by diabetes such as atherosclerosis32,35,36. The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is diabetes mellitus.