On the contrary, notwithstanding in some cases chemo- or radio-therapy contribute to the increase of HO-1 expression, tumor cells expressing high levels of HO-1 are less sensitive to treatment with doxorubicin, cisplatin or gemcitabine in urothelial cancers, cholangiocarcinoma, pancreatic and lung cancer cells [77,78]. This evidence concerns the gene HMOX1 and cholangiocarcinoma.