GCLM and fetal growth restriction: Therefore, expressions of proteins (Keap1, Nrf2 and NQO1), and genes (Keap1, Nrf2, NQO1, GCLC, GCLM and GGT1) related to the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway were determined in our present study to further investigate the molecular mechanism of IUGR-induced oxidative stress and the beneficial effects of dietary curcumin.