There was a significant difference in the serum levels of adiponectin (median μg/ml and range) among HCC, HCV and NC groups; 36.5 (2.3- 67.4), 20.1 (0.30- 39.6) and 13.1 (28.4- 553.2); respectively, (P<0.001, Figure 1). The gene discussed is ADIPOQ; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.