Indeed, recent studies have demonstrated that HMGB1 is increased in the arterial wall of mice fed with high-fat diet or mice with hyperglycemia/hypercholesterolemia (Elizondo-Vega et al., 2015; Zhang et al., 2015; Chen et al., 2016; Wang et al., 2016). The gene discussed is HMGB1; the disease is familial hypercholesterolemia.