High dose lipidated TLR7/8 agonists, with or without the addition of a TLR4 agonist, also elicited significantly increased frequencies of influenza-specific multifunctional CD4 T cells (IFNγ+ IL2+ TNFα+, Figure 3B; individual secreted cytokines shown in Figures 3B,F,H), which have previously been shown to be beneficial for protection against heterologous influenza challenge (59). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is influenza.