In the “IL-17” signaling pathway, all DE chemokines, cytokines and anti-microbial genes were the same in both diseases (Supplementary Figures 9, 11), but upstream of this cascade IL-17RA and FOSB (labeled API) were only differentially expressed in IPF (Supplementary Figure 11). This evidence concerns the gene IL17A and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.