In this study, we evaluated PD-L2 as well as PD-L1 expression by immunohistochemistry in more than 400 patients with surgically resected oesophageal cancer, and examined the prognostic impacts of PD-L1 and PD-L2 expressions in oesophageal cancer. The gene discussed is PDCD1LG2; the disease is carcinoma of esophagus.