The current phase 2 multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled Phase 2b trial of the Vx-001 vaccine, which was conducted in HLA-A*0201 patients with TERT-expressing metastatic NSCLC who did not progress after 1st line platinum-based chemotherapy, failed to meet its primary endpoint by demonstrating a survival benefit in the Vx-001-treated patients compared to those who received the placebo. This evidence concerns the gene HLA-A and non-small cell lung carcinoma.