In particular, platelet-derived growth factor Beta (PDGF-B) driven glioma models have been demonstrated in-silico, in-vitro, and in in-vivo – using rodent models with retroviral expression of PDGF-B, HRAS-G12V, shRNA-P53, and other transgenes implicated in the disease pathogenesis14–19. This evidence concerns the gene TP53 and glioma.