Teriparatide (TPTD; the 1–34 fragment of human parathyroid hormone [PTH]) exerts a bone anabolic effect and is a clinically effective therapeutic agent for osteoporosis by acting on PTH 1 receptor (PTH1R) in osteoblast-lineage cells, promoting the proliferation, differentiation, and survival of bone-forming osteoblasts. This evidence concerns the gene PTH and osteoporosis.