Altogether, our analysis showed that the rewiring of regulatory circuits was the main driver of the symbiotic adaptation of Ralstonia. Strikingly, all identified adaptive mutations for infection affect global regulatory proteins (HrpG, VsrA, EfpR, PhcA) controlling, positively or negatively, the expression of several hundreds of genes (Figure 3) [23,86,89,90,91,92]. The gene discussed is ACER3; the disease is infection.