In addition, it has been reported that OX40 expression of TILs and prognosis were positively correlated in colorectal cancer and MM cases.48,49 These findings suggested that OX40-associated formation and survival of memory T cells and suppression of Tregs might enhance the anti-tumour effect and contribute to the favourable prognosis. Here, TNFRSF4 is linked to Miyoshi myopathy.