Interestingly, by mining a published microarray database (GSE57218) (Ramos et al., 2014), we found that IFN-related genes (STAT1, IFNGR2, NCAM1, MID1) were highly elevated in the cartilage tissues of osteoarthritis patients (Figure 5—figure supplement 1A). Here, IFNA1 is linked to osteoarthritis.