PFKFB3 and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: In agreement with previous reports, PFKFB3 was highly expressed in malignant tissues29–31 (Fig. 7c, d), and high PFKFB3 expression was associated with poor outcomes in ESCC patients (Fig. 7e, SYSUCC, n = 104; clinicopathological information is provided in Supplementary Table 4).