PTGS2 and colorectal adenocarcinoma: Moreover, ergosterol derivatives have the ability to suppress lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory responses of macrophages in vitro through the inhibition of highly proinflammatory cytokine (TNF-α) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression, as well as having a cytostatic effect on human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells [42].