As previously reported, our data indicate that SAMHD1 decreases activity of drugs used against AML (AraC and clofarabine) and other types of hematological cancers like nelarabine for T-lymphoblastic lymphoma, cladribine used in the treatment of hairy cell leukemia and B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and approved for the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. This evidence concerns the gene SAMHD1 and acute myeloid leukemia.