TNF and tuberculosis: Although during acute TB, both BCG strains induced more IFN-γ (p = 0.0032 and p = 0.0057 for BCG and BCGΔBCG1419c, respectively), only BCG induced more TNF-α (p = 0.0008), and only BCGΔBCG1419c reduced the production of IL-4 (p = 0.0178) (Fig. 4).