CD38 and hematopoietic and lymphoid cell neoplasm: Previous studies have shown that CD38-targeting conventional monoclonal antibodies can mediate cytotoxicity against CD38-expressing hematological cancer cells via CDC, ADCC, antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP), direct induction of apoptosis, and modulation of CD38 ectoenzyme function 12, 42-44.