A similar study indicated that the long-term use of celecoxib increased the risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with advanced NSCLC.62 However, in contrast to the previous study, other studies did not find that the COX-2 inhibitors used in the treatment of NSCLC raised the risk of cardiovascular events.63,64 There have been controversies over the cardiovascular toxicity of celecoxib added to anticancer therapy, and a large number of doctors and scientists have carried out research on COX-2 inhibitors to actively explore these key questions. The gene discussed is PTGS2; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.