A number of beneficial effects result from Shh signaling as demonstrated in various pathological states of brain and spinal cord pathology, including acute brain injury (Amankulor et al., 2009), Alzheimer’s disease (Vazin et al., 2014), Parkinson’s disease (Tsuboi and Shults, 2002), stroke (Yu et al., 2017), multiple sclerosis and demyelination (Franco et al., 2008), spinal cord injury (Bambakidis et al., 2010), and HIV-associated neurological disorders (Singh et al., 2016). The gene discussed is SHH; the disease is Stroke.