DNMT1 and myelodysplastic syndrome: Due to the high frequency of mutations in DNA methylation enzymes in hematologic malignancies, which cause silencing of tumor suppressors via aberrant hypermethylation, DNMT inhibitors such as DAC have a well-established role in the treatment of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) [10, 11], where they exert their epigenetic effects at relatively low doses (5–20 mg/m2/d) [12–16].