When several melanoma cells (C32TG, G361, and Mewo) were used as GPNMB-positive control cells, WB analyses in both the presence and absence of glycosidase (PNGase) were consistent with previous reports1,19,28, showing similar patterns of bands corresponding to precursor and mature forms of glycosylated GPNMB, as well as deglycosylated forms (Supplementary Fig. S1a). Here, GPNMB is linked to melanoma.