However, the levels of TNFα and IL-8 were not significantly associated with a higher probability of malignant transformation as previously reported.18 Furthermore, Zheng et al. found no association between polymorphisms of IL-6, TNFα, and MGUS.16 Serum IL-6 and TNFα have been shown independently, to be significantly elevated in patients with BD when compared to health controls, and their levels correlate with BD disease activity.17 This evidence concerns the gene TNF and Behcet disease.