In summary, the new recommendation is that PR3- and MPO-ANCA immunoassays can be used for accurate diagnosis of ANCA-associated vasculitis, without the need for IIF.11 The current consensus recommendation applies to ANCA testing for the diagnosis of vasculitis, but does not apply to ANCA testing for the diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease, autoimmune liver disease or drug-induced autoimmunity. The gene discussed is MPO; the disease is autoimmune hepatitis.