MEDI-546 is an antibody to type I IFN-α receptor that has been tried in patients with systemic sclerosis and has potential for investigation in patients with lupus.31 Another monoclonal antibody, AIA22, neutralizes multiple IFN-α subtypes and binds to a novel epitope on IFN-α which binds to the Type II IFN receptor.32 Its utility in lupus is being further investigated. This evidence concerns the gene IFNA1 and systemic sclerosis.